Cosmic Landscapes

https://www.redbubble.com/shop/ap/102433751 — THE DUNES AND THE UNIVERSE!

Beautiful view of ocean moon world Europa and its planet Jupiter. Original work reprocessing the best images of both celestial bodies achieved so far.

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Hope Mars Mission Best Picture *2022*

Quality improved photo of the red planet with the data from the UAE’s Hope Mars Mission and layering Kevin M. Gill‘s beautiful processing. This version comes with a star background. Check transparent background here.

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Images and data used credit: CU/LASPEMM/EXIITF/Kevin M. Gill

Ancient Mars!
This realistic concept shows how Mars may have looked about four billion years ago. Original image is by ESO-M Kornmesser-N Risinger CC-BY-40 (skysurvey.org). High quality carefully processed by Pablo Carlos Budassi, in December 2024.
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“Mars in backlight”

From a vantage point high above, the entire planet of Mars is visible, with its reddish surface vividly illuminated under the golden glow of the setting Sun. The Sun is positioned just behind the planet, casting a brilliant halo around the Martian sphere. This epic view captures the majestic beauty of Mars! Mars Image cretit: HOPE/UAESA/UAE Processing and composition: Pablo Budassi

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Korolev crater, an 82-kilometre-across feature found in the northern lowlands of Mars.

This oblique perspective view was generated using a digital terrain model and Mars Express data gathered in 2018. Colors and light curves were remastered by space artist Pablo Carlos Budassi.

Images and data credit: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

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The perfect moment. Photo of Phobos over the Tharsis Region with data from the ESA Mars Express and the amazing processing art by Andrea Luck. Star background, layout adaptation and color post-processing by Pablo Carlos Budassi.

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Credit: ESA/DLR/FUBerlin/AndreaLuck/PabloBudassi CC BY

Valles Marineris and Phobos eclipse!

Aerial view from above Valles Marineris on Planet Mars. The Sun is eclipsed by the largest of its moons, Phobos. The 11km atmosphere limit is visible on the horizon. Artist conception with realistic style. August 2021.

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✳︎ Jupiter by JWST ✳︎

King of the Solar System image by our new eye into space. Colors, resolution, and levels enhanced by Pablo Budassi. August 22, 2022 – Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Budassi

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Andromeda and the Moon to scale from Earth

Montage of the Great Spiral Galaxy in Andromeda with a typical view of a half Moon. Apparent (angular) sizes are to scale. Images by NASA. Processing and composition by Pablo Carlos Budassi January 2022

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Hubble’s panoramic view of the Andromeda Galaxy

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This is the largest photomosaic ever assembled from NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope observations. It presents a sweeping panoramic view of our neighboring Andromeda galaxy, located 2.5 million light-years away. Creating this vast and colorful portrait took more than a decade and required over 600 individual Hubble snapshots. On January 15, 2025, the entire data set was released.

✳︎panel 1 – panel 2 – panel 3

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andromeda, m31, astronomy, map, cartography, universe, galaxy, galaxies, cosmos, spiral, nature, beautiful

“Earth Planet” (and humans)

From a vantage point high above, the entire planet Earth is visible, with its dark side showcasing the illuminated cities of North America. The golden glow of the setting Sun is behind the planet, casting a brilliant halo around our beautiful world. This epic view captures the majestic beauty of Earth and the vibrancy of our civilization. Digital illustration by Pablo C. Budassi.

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✳︎ TARANTULA NEBULA by JWST ✳︎

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A new version of the mythical second nebula photo by the James Webb telescope. High quality source images released in September 2022 by NASA were remastered in terms of framing, rotation, levels, and colors by @thecelestialzoo graphic lab.

In this mosaic image stretching 340 light-years across, Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) displays the Tarantula Nebula star-forming region in a new light, including tens of thousands of never-before-seen young stars that were previously shrouded in cosmic dust. The most active region appears to sparkle with massive young stars, appearing pale blue. Scattered among them are still-embedded stars, appearing red, yet to emerge from the dusty cocoon of the nebula. NIRCam is able to detect these dust-enshrouded stars thanks to its unprecedented resolution at near-infrared wavelengths. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Webb ERO Production Team, P. Budassi

✳︎ PILLARS OF CREATION ✳︎

✳︎ JWST PILLARS OF CREATION NIRCam + MIRI MIX ✳︎

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We mixed both NIRCam + MIRI takes on The Pillars of Creation imaged by JWST in October 2022. Resolution, hues and levels were enhanced. Artifact 6-fold spikes were partially removed. An elegant and original quality canvas. Data Credit: JWST/NASA/ESA/CSA Processing: Pablo Carlos Budassi.

Mystic Mountain is a photograph and a term for a region in the Carina Nebula imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope. The view was captured by the then-new Wide Field Camera 3, though the region was also viewed by the previous generation instrument. Mystic Mountain contains multiple Herbig–Haro objects where nascent stars are firing off jets of gas which interact with surrounding clouds of gas and dust. This region is about 7,500 light-years (2,300 parsecs) away from Earth. The pillar measures around three light-years in height (190,000 astronomical units). This new version of the image was enhanced and reprocessed in 2021 by Budassi, obtaining a higher resolution and definition never achieved before.

NGC 6302 (also known as the Bug Nebula, Butterfly Nebula, or Caldwell 69) is a bipolar planetary nebula in the constellation Scorpius. The structure in the nebula is among the most complex ever observed in planetary nebulae. The spectrum of NGC 6302 shows that its central star is one of the hottest stars known, with a surface temperature in excess of 250,000 degrees Celsius, implying that the star from which it formed must have been very large. The central star, a white dwarf, was identified in 2009, using the upgraded Wide Field Camera 3 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The star has a current mass of around 0.64 solar masses. It is surrounded by a dense equatorial disc composed of gas and dust. This dense disc is postulated to have caused the star’s outflows to form a bipolar structure similar to an hourglass. This bipolar structure shows features such as ionization walls, knots and sharp edges to the lobes.

The Helix Nebula (also known as NGC 7293 or Caldwell 63) is a planetary nebula located in the constellation Aquarius. Discovered by Karl Ludwig Harding, probably before 1824, this object is one of the closest to the Earth of all the bright planetary nebulae. The distance, measured by the Gaia mission, is 655±13 light-years. It is similar in appearance to the Cat’s Eye Nebula and the Ring Nebula, whose size, age, and physical characteristics are similar to the Dumbbell Nebula, varying only in its relative proximity and the appearance from the equatorial viewing angle. The Helix Nebula has sometimes been referred to as the “Eye of God” in pop culture, as well as the “Eye of Sauron”.

The Carina Nebula or Eta Carinae Nebula (catalogued as NGC 3372) is a large, complex area of bright and dark nebulosity in the constellation Carina, and it is located in the Carina–Sagittarius Arm. The nebula is approximately 8,500 light-years (2,600 pc) from Earth. The nebula has within its boundaries the large Carina OB1 association and several related open clusters, including numerous O-type stars and several Wolf–Rayet stars. Carina OB1 encompasses the star clusters Trumpler 14 and Trumpler 16. Trumpler 14 is one of the youngest known star clusters at half a million years old. Trumpler 16 is the home of WR 25, currently the most luminous star known in our Milky Way galaxy, together with the less luminous but more massive and famous Eta Carinae star system and the O2 supergiant HD 93129A. Trumpler 15, Collinder 228, Collinder 232, NGC 3324, and NGC 3293 are also considered members of the association. NGC 3293 is the oldest and furthest from Trumpler 14, indicating sequential and ongoing star formation. The nebula is one of the largest diffuse nebulae in our skies. Although it is four times as large as and even brighter than the famous Orion Nebula, the Carina Nebula is much less well known due to its location in the southern sky.

AG Carinae (AG Car) is a star in the constellation Carina. It is classified as a luminous blue variable (LBV) and is one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way. The great distance (20,000 light-years) and intervening dust mean that the star is not usually visible to the naked eye; its apparent brightness varies erratically between magnitude 5.7 and 9.0. The star is surrounded by a nebula of ejected material at 0.4–1.2 pc from the star. The nebula contains around 15 M☉, all lost from the star around 10,000 years ago. There is an 8.8-parsec-wide empty cavity in the interstellar medium around the star, presumably cleared by fast winds earlier in the star’s life.

The Elephant’s Trunk Nebula is a concentration of interstellar gas and dust within the much larger ionized gas region IC 1396 located in the constellation Cepheus about 2,400 light years away from Earth. The piece of the nebula shown here is the dark, dense globule IC 1396A; it is commonly called the Elephant’s Trunk nebula because of its appearance at visible light wavelengths, where there is a dark patch with a bright, sinuous rim. The bright rim is the surface of the dense cloud that is being illuminated and ionized by a very bright, massive star (HD 206267) that is just to the east of IC 1396A. (In the Spitzer Space Telescope view shown, the massive star is just to the left of the edge of the image.) The entire IC 1396 region is ionized by the massive star, except for dense globules that can protect themselves from the star’s harsh ultraviolet rays. The Elephant’s Trunk Nebula is now thought to be a site of star formation, containing several very young (less than 100,000 yr) stars that were discovered in infrared images in 2003. Two older (but still young, a couple of million years, by the standards of stars, which live for billions of years) stars are present in a small, circular cavity in the head of the globule. Winds from these young stars may have emptied the cavity. The combined action of the light from the massive star ionizing and compressing the rim of the cloud, and the wind from the young stars shifting gas from the center outward lead to very high compression in the Elephant’s Trunk Nebula. This pressure has triggered the current generation of protostars.

NGC 6357 is a diffuse nebula near NGC 6334 in the constellation Scorpius. The nebula contains many proto-stars shielded by dark discs of gas, and young stars wrapped in expanding “cocoons” or expanding gases surrounding these small stars. It is also known as the Lobster Nebula and the Madokami Nebula by some fans of the Japanese anime Madoka Magica due to its resemblance to the main character from the anime, and a popular fan petition to rename it. This nebula was also given the name War and Peace Nebula by the Midcourse Space Experiment scientists because of its appearance, which, in infrared images the bright, western part resembles a dove, while the eastern part looks like a skull.

The Eagle Nebula (catalogued as Messier 16 or M16, and as NGC 6611, and also known as the Star Queen Nebula and The Spire) is a young open cluster of stars in the constellation Serpens, discovered by Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux in 1745–46. Both the “Eagle” and the “Star Queen” refer to visual impressions of the dark silhouette near the center of the nebula, an area made famous as the “Pillars of Creation” imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope. The nebula contains several active star-forming gas and dust regions, including the aforementioned Pillars of Creation. The Eagle Nebula lies in the Sagittarius Arm of the Milky Way.

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The Cartography of Cosmic Dawn: CMB World Map

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation—the oldest light in the universe—is an unfiltered view of the baby universe. The very tiny temperature fluctuations encode the formation of primordial structures that shape today’s observable universe. Presented here as a world map, the CMB features are named after continents and seas, with names from the constellations also mapped in green lines. For reference, the Milky Way’s plane is at the equator, with the center positioned between the two hemispheres.

Data credit ESA and Planck Collaboration. Map idea and realization Pablo C. Budassi in May 2025.

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A complete summary of the astronomical objects of the solar system in which the past or current existence of any form of life has been considered. Original September 2022 work by Pablo Carlos Budasi.

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